Electromyography

Electromyography (EMG) is a medical test that measures the electrical activity of muscles. It is used to diagnose and monitor muscle and nerve disorders, such as:

• Muscular dystrophy
• Neuropathy
• Myasthenia gravis
• Muscle cramps
• Muscle weakness
• Nerve damage or compression (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome)
• Neuromuscular junction disorders (e.g., botulism)

EMG involves:

• Inserting a small needle electrode into the muscle (intramuscular EMG)
• Placing surface electrodes on the skin over the muscle (surface EMG)
• Recording the electrical signals produced by the muscle
• Analyzing the signals to determine the muscle’s electrical activity

EMG is typically performed by a neurologist, physiatrist, or physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist. The test is usually painless, but may cause some discomfort or bruising at the needle site.

Note: While electromyography is not directly related to dentistry, it can help diagnose conditions that may affect the muscles used for chewing, swallowing, and speaking, which are essential for oral health and function. Dentists may work with neurologists or other specialists to address related issues.